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- 1760 1/2P Hibernia-Voce Populi Halfpenny, VOOE POPULI VF30 NGC. N. 3, Z. 7-E, W-13930, R.3. The meaning of the Latin inscription VOCE POPULI (Voice of the People) has long been debated, though one theory suggests the phrase was meant to purport the coins were struck because the populace needed them. Nelson 3 is a popular Guide Book variety, with what resembles a die cutting error causing VOCE to instead resemble VOOE. Bowers suggests this is actually a late die state die crack, and not a C over O error as suggested by some. Only one variety is known. This piece exhibits remarkably smooth surfaces, with rich light brown patina. Moderate detail remains, with the obverse particularly bold. Ex: "Colonel" E.H.R. Green; Green Estate; Partnership of Eric P. Newman / B.G. Johnson d.b.a. St. Louis Stamp & Coin Co.; Eric P. Newman @ $1.50; Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $998.75. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1760 1/2P Hibernia-Voce Populi Halfpenny, VOOE POPULI VF30 NGC. N. 3, Z. 7-E, W-13930, R.3. The meaning of the Latin inscription VOCE POPULI (Voice of the People) has long been debated, though one theory suggests the phrase was meant to purport the coins were struck because the populace needed them. Nelson 3 is a popular Guide Book variety, with what resembles a die cutting error causing VOCE to instead resemble VOOE. Bowers suggests this is actually a late die state die crack, and not a C over O error as suggested by some. Only one variety is known. This piece exhibits remarkably smooth surfaces, with rich light brown patina. Moderate detail remains, with the obverse particularly bold. Ex: "Colonel" E.H.R. Green; Green Estate; Partnership of Eric P. Newman / B.G. Johnson d.b.a. St. Louis Stamp & Coin Co.; Eric P. Newman @ $1.50; Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $998.75. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1760 1/2P Hibernia-Voce Populi Halfpenny Fine 15 NGC. N. 2, Z. 4-B, W-13940, R.3. Voce Populi coppers were struck in Dublin by button maker, John Roche in 1760, but a few pieces are known with both an error date of 1700, and a 1760/00 overdate. Breen suggests at least two dies exhibit the overdate, with a tail added to the top of the first 0 in an attempt to correct the error. Only three examples have been certified by NGC and PCGS combined, and this is the sole NGC representative (4/14). Moderate wear is seen overall, with some minor striking softness noted in the central reverse, but the rims and legends are bold, and the color is a pleasing medium brown. Some fine granularity on the surfaces is not uncommon for this variety. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $258.50. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1760 1/2P Hibernia-Voce Populi Halfpenny Fine 15 NGC. N. 2, Z. 4-B, W-13940, R.3. Voce Populi coppers were struck in Dublin by button maker, John Roche in 1760, but a few pieces are known with both an error date of 1700, and a 1760/00 overdate. Breen suggests at least two dies exhibit the overdate, with a tail added to the top of the first 0 in an attempt to correct the error. Only three examples have been certified by NGC and PCGS combined, and this is the sole NGC representative (4/14). Moderate wear is seen overall, with some minor striking softness noted in the central reverse, but the rims and legends are bold, and the color is a pleasing medium brown. Some fine granularity on the surfaces is not uncommon for this variety. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $258.50. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1739 COPPER Higley Copper, Broad Axe Good 4 NGC. Crosby VIII-26, Freidus 3.3-D, W-8285, R.7. 177.8 grains. This unique reverse type is identifiable as Reverse D by the presence of the date, 1739, just faintly visible below the blade of the axe. The presence of a date on these pieces is another curiosity in the Higley series. Samuel Higley was lost at sea in May 1737, while delivering a load of copper ore to England. His will was entered into court records on June 7, 1737. So who exactly struck these pieces? Once again, we are left with only speculation. Some have claimed his older brother, John, Jr., struck them. It could just as likely have been one or several of Samuel Higley's business associates. All we know for sure is that they were minted in Connecticut in 1739. Among the canon of stories and oral traditions associated with Higley coppers is one related by Sylvester Crosby and only recently debunked by Daniel Freidus. This legend claims that early 19th century goldsmiths used Higley coppers as copper alloy in jewelry because of the "fine quality of the metal of which they were composed." Freidus conducted metallurgical analyses on Higley coppers and other contemporary copper coins from America and England, and found no significant difference in the purity of the copper. All were over 95% pure, and most were 98% to 99% pure copper. Crosby related the story of their use by goldsmiths as a way to explain the extreme rarity of Higley coppers, even in the 1870s. Today their rarity is widely recognized, and only seven other examples were recorded of this variety on Freidus' roster from 20 years ago. This is a heavily, although not atypically, worn example of a Higley copper. The obverse clearly shows the deer, the words VALUE PLEASE, the denomination below the deer, the curved lines below the deer and the five-pointed star. The reverse shows a faint outline of the broad axe. Of all the peripheral devices on the reverse, only the date shows plainly. Nevertheless, the surfaces are even brown and undamaged, unlike many Higley coppers. Ex: Prann Collection (Numismatic Gallery, 8/1947); Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $54,343.75. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1739 COPPER Higley Copper, Broad Axe Good 4 NGC. Crosby VIII-26, Freidus 3.3-D, W-8285, R.7. 177.8 grains. This unique reverse type is identifiable as Reverse D by the presence of the date, 1739, just faintly visible below the blade of the axe. The presence of a date on these pieces is another curiosity in the Higley series. Samuel Higley was lost at sea in May 1737, while delivering a load of copper ore to England. His will was entered into court records on June 7, 1737. So who exactly struck these pieces? Once again, we are left with only speculation. Some have claimed his older brother, John, Jr., struck them. It could just as likely have been one or several of Samuel Higley's business associates. All we know for sure is that they were minted in Connecticut in 1739. Among the canon of stories and oral traditions associated with Higley coppers is one related by Sylvester Crosby and only recently debunked by Daniel Freidus. This legend claims that early 19th century goldsmiths used Higley coppers as copper alloy in jewelry because of the "fine quality of the metal of which they were composed." Freidus conducted metallurgical analyses on Higley coppers and other contemporary copper coins from America and England, and found no significant difference in the purity of the copper. All were over 95% pure, and most were 98% to 99% pure copper. Crosby related the story of their use by goldsmiths as a way to explain the extreme rarity of Higley coppers, even in the 1870s. Today their rarity is widely recognized, and only seven other examples were recorded of this variety on Freidus' roster from 20 years ago. This is a heavily, although not atypically, worn example of a Higley copper. The obverse clearly shows the deer, the words VALUE PLEASE, the denomination below the deer, the curved lines below the deer and the five-pointed star. The reverse shows a faint outline of the broad axe. Of all the peripheral devices on the reverse, only the date shows plainly. Nevertheless, the surfaces are even brown and undamaged, unlike many Higley coppers. Ex: Prann Collection (Numismatic Gallery, 8/1947); Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $54,343.75. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- (1737) COPPER Higley Copper, Broad Axe VF30 NGC. Crosby VIII-24, Freidus 3.2-C, W-8260, R.7. 149.0 grains. The surfaces show a pleasing blend of darker and medium brown patina. The obverse devices are especially well-defined - even the crescent moon is clear. The reverse shows a strong die crack, and the devices on one side are clearly elevated relative to those on the other side of the crack. Many of the reverse devices on this piece (including the axe head) show evidence of the double striking that is so often mentioned in association with these pieces. This doubling is frequently cited as evidence Higley coppers were struck with the ancient hammer method of coining, rather than using a rocker press. This is a remarkably attractive, problem-free Higley copper. When studying these coppers, one eventually has to ask why Higley changed the initial obverse die from THE VALUE OF THREE PENCE to VALUE ME AS YOU PLEASE. Research conducted by Philip Mossman determined that Higley threepence coppers actually weighed less than an English halfpenny. Based on the intrinsic value of the copper in the coins, and after figuring in production costs, Mossman has concluded that valuing the initial coins from 1737 as threepence yielded Samuel Higley a 465% profit. Higley altered the devices in subsequent issues, and in the case of this piece he added J CUT MY WAY THROUGH to the reverse periphery, rather than the previous I AM GOOD COPPER. To further reinforce his assertion of value, a broad axe was substituted in the center of the reverse for the previous three crowned hammers. Undoubtedly value, or the lack thereof, played a pivotal role in the design of these early American coppers. A mere handful of collectors over the past 150 years have been able to locate more than one or two Higley coppers in a lifetime of collecting. Michael Hodder points out the few that have accomplished this feat in the Ford II catalog: "The Norweb sale in 1987 included three Higleys and it was considered unusually large. The Garrett sale featured four Higleys and was described as a landmark. The Zabriskie Collection had six Higley coppers." (The Garrett Collection actually had five Higley coppers.) The Ford and Roper sales each had seven pieces, and we found the Prann Collection from 1947 contained six examples. The Newman Collection has five Higley coppers in this sale, all of which have been off the market for at least 49 years. A sixth example is being retained for the Newman Money Museum. Daniel Freidus recorded eight examples of this die variety, while Q. David Bowers gives a rating of URS-5, suggesting that nine to 16 examples survive, but unfortunately giving no basis for that higher count. The finest known examples of this variety include the XF Garrett Collection coin and the present VF30 Newman piece. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $199,750.00. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- (1737) COPPER Higley Copper, Broad Axe VF30 NGC. Crosby VIII-24, Freidus 3.2-C, W-8260, R.7. 149.0 grains. The surfaces show a pleasing blend of darker and medium brown patina. The obverse devices are especially well-defined - even the crescent moon is clear. The reverse shows a strong die crack, and the devices on one side are clearly elevated relative to those on the other side of the crack. Many of the reverse devices on this piece (including the axe head) show evidence of the double striking that is so often mentioned in association with these pieces. This doubling is frequently cited as evidence Higley coppers were struck with the ancient hammer method of coining, rather than using a rocker press. This is a remarkably attractive, problem-free Higley copper. When studying these coppers, one eventually has to ask why Higley changed the initial obverse die from THE VALUE OF THREE PENCE to VALUE ME AS YOU PLEASE. Research conducted by Philip Mossman determined that Higley threepence coppers actually weighed less than an English halfpenny. Based on the intrinsic value of the copper in the coins, and after figuring in production costs, Mossman has concluded that valuing the initial coins from 1737 as threepence yielded Samuel Higley a 465% profit. Higley altered the devices in subsequent issues, and in the case of this piece he added J CUT MY WAY THROUGH to the reverse periphery, rather than the previous I AM GOOD COPPER. To further reinforce his assertion of value, a broad axe was substituted in the center of the reverse for the previous three crowned hammers. Undoubtedly value, or the lack thereof, played a pivotal role in the design of these early American coppers. A mere handful of collectors over the past 150 years have been able to locate more than one or two Higley coppers in a lifetime of collecting. Michael Hodder points out the few that have accomplished this feat in the Ford II catalog: "The Norweb sale in 1987 included three Higleys and it was considered unusually large. The Garrett sale featured four Higleys and was described as a landmark. The Zabriskie Collection had six Higley coppers." (The Garrett Collection actually had five Higley coppers.) The Ford and Roper sales each had seven pieces, and we found the Prann Collection from 1947 contained six examples. The Newman Collection has five Higley coppers in this sale, all of which have been off the market for at least 49 years. A sixth example is being retained for the Newman Money Museum. Daniel Freidus recorded eight examples of this die variety, while Q. David Bowers gives a rating of URS-5, suggesting that nine to 16 examples survive, but unfortunately giving no basis for that higher count. The finest known examples of this variety include the XF Garrett Collection coin and the present VF30 Newman piece. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $199,750.00. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1737 COPPER Higley Copper, VALUE ME AS YOU PLEASE - Scratches - NGC Details. VF. Crosby VIII-21, Freidus 3.1-B.a, W-8240, R.7. 142.7 grains. The legend VALUE ME AS YOU PLEASE holds a special place in numismatic legend. The story was related by Sylvester S. Crosby in Early Coins of America: {blockquote}"We have heard it related of Higley, that being a frequent visitant at the public house, where at that time liquors were a common and unprohibited article of traffic, he was accustomed to pay his 'scot' in his own coin, and the coffers of the dram-seller soon became overburdened with this kind of cash, (an experience not at all likely to cause trouble to collectors of the present day), of the type which proclaims its own value to be equal to what was then the price of 'potation,' - three pence. "When complaint was made to Higley, upon his next application for entertainment, which was after a somewhat longer absence than was usual with him, he presented coppers bearing the words, "Value me as you please" "I am good copper." "Whether this 'change of base' facilitated the financial designs of the ancient coiner, or not, we have never been informed: sure we are however, that should he be aware of the immense appreciation in the value of his coppers, since that day, it would amply reward him for the insulting conduct of the publican. "We cannot vouch for the truth of this 'legend,' but we believe those first issued bore the words, 'The value of three pence,' and, whatever the cause, subsequent issues more modestly requested the public to value them according to their own ideas of propriety, although they did not refrain from afterwards proclaiming their own merits."{/blockquote} As Samuel Higley continued to produce his copper coinage from locally mined ore, he obviously acquired a punch for the letter U, rather than adapting a V as he had on the previous type that reads VALVE instead of VALUE, as seen here. The 3.1-B.a is one of the more "plentiful" varieties, with an estimated eight pieces known. Variety 3 coins are difficult to attribute, even to differentiate from Variety 2 pieces, because most are found heavily worn. As Daniel Freidus points out: "If the word 'VALVE' is not sharp, Type 3 may be distinguished from Type 2 by other diagnostics. The star is rotated differently and there is a dot between 'PLEASE' and the star which follows it. In addition, on Type 2, the spaces between 'ME AS YOU' are greater than the spaces between these words on all three dies of Type 3. There is also a distinctive die cud in the field of die 2." This piece is identifiable as a Variety 3.1 by a single broad line relative to the line above the III. This example is also conveniently featured as the plate coin for Variety 3.1 in the 1994 ANS reference. Each side is deep brown with just slightly lighter reddish-tinged brown over the devices. The scratches listed by NGC are in the form of an X on each side. The devices are remarkably well-detailed on this piece. The only area of softness is in the area of the word YOU near the obverse rim. All three crowned hammers are sharply defined on the reverse. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $47,000.00. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1737 COPPER Higley Copper, VALUE ME AS YOU PLEASE - Scratches - NGC Details. VF. Crosby VIII-21, Freidus 3.1-B.a, W-8240, R.7. 142.7 grains. The legend VALUE ME AS YOU PLEASE holds a special place in numismatic legend. The story was related by Sylvester S. Crosby in Early Coins of America: {blockquote}"We have heard it related of Higley, that being a frequent visitant at the public house, where at that time liquors were a common and unprohibited article of traffic, he was accustomed to pay his 'scot' in his own coin, and the coffers of the dram-seller soon became overburdened with this kind of cash, (an experience not at all likely to cause trouble to collectors of the present day), of the type which proclaims its own value to be equal to what was then the price of 'potation,' - three pence. "When complaint was made to Higley, upon his next application for entertainment, which was after a somewhat longer absence than was usual with him, he presented coppers bearing the words, "Value me as you please" "I am good copper." "Whether this 'change of base' facilitated the financial designs of the ancient coiner, or not, we have never been informed: sure we are however, that should he be aware of the immense appreciation in the value of his coppers, since that day, it would amply reward him for the insulting conduct of the publican. "We cannot vouch for the truth of this 'legend,' but we believe those first issued bore the words, 'The value of three pence,' and, whatever the cause, subsequent issues more modestly requested the public to value them according to their own ideas of propriety, although they did not refrain from afterwards proclaiming their own merits."{/blockquote} As Samuel Higley continued to produce his copper coinage from locally mined ore, he obviously acquired a punch for the letter U, rather than adapting a V as he had on the previous type that reads VALVE instead of VALUE, as seen here. The 3.1-B.a is one of the more "plentiful" varieties, with an estimated eight pieces known. Variety 3 coins are difficult to attribute, even to differentiate from Variety 2 pieces, because most are found heavily worn. As Daniel Freidus points out: "If the word 'VALVE' is not sharp, Type 3 may be distinguished from Type 2 by other diagnostics. The star is rotated differently and there is a dot between 'PLEASE' and the star which follows it. In addition, on Type 2, the spaces between 'ME AS YOU' are greater than the spaces between these words on all three dies of Type 3. There is also a distinctive die cud in the field of die 2." This piece is identifiable as a Variety 3.1 by a single broad line relative to the line above the III. This example is also conveniently featured as the plate coin for Variety 3.1 in the 1994 ANS reference. Each side is deep brown with just slightly lighter reddish-tinged brown over the devices. The scratches listed by NGC are in the form of an X on each side. The devices are remarkably well-detailed on this piece. The only area of softness is in the area of the word YOU near the obverse rim. All three crowned hammers are sharply defined on the reverse. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $47,000.00. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
