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- 1783 COPPER Nova Constellatio Copper, Pointed Rays, Small US MS66 Brown NGC. CAC. Crosby 2-B, W-1865, R.2. 139.6 grains. The reader is referred to three articles that provide the current knowledge of the Nova Constellatio copper coinage. The first is "The Source of the Nova Constellatio Copper Coinage" from the January 1960 issue of The Numismatic Scrapbook, and reprinted in the current catalog courtesy of Coin World. The second is Eric P. Newman's article "New Thoughts on the Nova Constellatio Private Copper Coinage" that appeared in the 1995 Coinage of the American Confederation Period, edited by Philip L. Mossman and published by the American Numismatic Society. That article is reprinted in the current catalog courtesy of ANS. The third article, "An Examination of the 'New Constellation' Coppers in Relation to the Nova Constellatio - Constellatio Nova Debate" by Louis Jordan appeared in the December 2000 issue of The Colonial Newsletter. This extraordinary Mint State copper has an extremely strong strike, with the all-seeing eye sharper than we have ever seen. It is clearly a special piece, showing additional fine obverse die lines that are not visible on most examples. The appearance of the previous two pieces suggests the dies were lapped after this example was struck. Both sides have glossy chocolate and blue-steel surfaces. The finest Nova Constellatio copper NGC has graded by two points (8/14). Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $41125.00. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1783 COPPER Nova Constellatio Copper, Pointed Rays, Small US MS66 Brown NGC. CAC. Crosby 2-B, W-1865, R.2. 139.6 grains. The reader is referred to three articles that provide the current knowledge of the Nova Constellatio copper coinage. The first is "The Source of the Nova Constellatio Copper Coinage" from the January 1960 issue of The Numismatic Scrapbook, and reprinted in the current catalog courtesy of Coin World. The second is Eric P. Newman's article "New Thoughts on the Nova Constellatio Private Copper Coinage" that appeared in the 1995 Coinage of the American Confederation Period, edited by Philip L. Mossman and published by the American Numismatic Society. That article is reprinted in the current catalog courtesy of ANS. The third article, "An Examination of the 'New Constellation' Coppers in Relation to the Nova Constellatio - Constellatio Nova Debate" by Louis Jordan appeared in the December 2000 issue of The Colonial Newsletter. This extraordinary Mint State copper has an extremely strong strike, with the all-seeing eye sharper than we have ever seen. It is clearly a special piece, showing additional fine obverse die lines that are not visible on most examples. The appearance of the previous two pieces suggests the dies were lapped after this example was struck. Both sides have glossy chocolate and blue-steel surfaces. The finest Nova Constellatio copper NGC has graded by two points (8/14). Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $41125.00. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1731-H Windward Islands, Isles Du Vent, 12 Sols, KM-C2, Fine 12 NGC. IC Counterstamp. 38.6 grains. Included here for the IC counterstamp; this piece might be related to the Annapolis silversmith, John Chalmers (1750-1819). However, it is not the countermark that is usually associated with Chalmers. There were numerous silversmiths, jewelers, and related craftsmen who used an IC hallmark. This fascinating piece requires additional research. Ex: Spink & Son, Ltd. (1963); Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $1351.25. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1731-H Windward Islands, Isles Du Vent, 12 Sols, KM-C2, Fine 12 NGC. IC Counterstamp. 38.6 grains. Included here for the IC counterstamp; this piece might be related to the Annapolis silversmith, John Chalmers (1750-1819). However, it is not the countermark that is usually associated with Chalmers. There were numerous silversmiths, jewelers, and related craftsmen who used an IC hallmark. This fascinating piece requires additional research. Ex: Spink & Son, Ltd. (1963); Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $1351.25. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1783 SHLNG Chalmers Shilling, Rings--Holed--NGC Details. AG. Breen-1010, W-1795, R.7. Ex: "Col." E.H.R. Green. 52.5 grains, 91% silver, 8% copper, per NGC metallurgical tests. There are only five known examples of this extremely important Chalmers variety, including this example, the Lauder coin that is plugged, one from the Norweb Collection (donated by the family to the Smithsonian Institution), the Garrett piece, and the Mickley-Ford example that was the only one known to Crosby. He wrote: "The shilling first to be described is supposed to be unique. ... At the sale of the Mickley collection (No. 2527,) it brought fifty dollars: as its present owner is unknown to us, no further particulars regarding it can be given." The obverse of the Rings shilling has the central cursive inscription "Equal to One Shi" above clasped hands, with the date and peripheral legend I. CHALMERS ANNAPOLIS. The reverse has a circle of 12 intertwined rings with a 13th ring inside the circle at the bottom. Stars appear inside 11 of the 12 outer rings, with a Divine Eye, a Liberty cap on a pole, and two additional stars at the center. {blockquote}Census of the Five Known Rings Shillings: 1. VF-XF. The discovery coin. Joseph J. Mickley Collection (W.E. Woodward, 10/1867), lot 2527; a bidder named Stephens; Charles Ira Bushnell Collection (Chapman Brothers, 6/1882), lot 997; Lorin G. Parmelee Collection (New York Coin & Stamp Co., 6/1890), lot 297; Robert C.W. Brock; University of Pennsylvania; P.H. Ward; Harry Forman; John J. Ford, Jr. (Stack's, 5/2004), lot 281. 2. F-VF. Henry Chapman (discovered in March 1906); John Story Jenks (Henry Chapman, 12/1921), lot 5521; John Work Garrett; Johns Hopkins University (Bowers and Ruddy, 10/1980), lot 1313. 3. Unknown Grade. Norweb Family (1983); Smithsonian Institution. This piece may be the example that appeared earlier in the Ulex Collection (Lyman Low, 7/1902), lot 103, described as "fairly rated as good." 4. AG, holed. The present specimen. Eric P. Newman Collection, per the provenance below. This piece is possibly the example that first appeared at the 1919 ANA Convention. 5. Poor/VG, plugged. S.W. Freeman (Richmond, Virginia, 1939); Loye Lauder (William Doyle Galleries), lot 177.{/blockquote} Despite its condition, collectors and numismatists will relish the opportunity to acquire the Eric P. Newman example of the Chalmers Rings Shilling. This piece combines pewter-gray surfaces with attractive champagne and steel toning. Ex: "Colonel" E.H.R. Green; Green Estate; Partnership of Eric P. Newman / B.G. Johnson d.b.a. St. Louis Stamp & Coin Co.; Eric P. Newman @ $25.00; Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $44062.50. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1783 SHLNG Chalmers Shilling, Rings--Holed--NGC Details. AG. Breen-1010, W-1795, R.7. Ex: "Col." E.H.R. Green. 52.5 grains, 91% silver, 8% copper, per NGC metallurgical tests. There are only five known examples of this extremely important Chalmers variety, including this example, the Lauder coin that is plugged, one from the Norweb Collection (donated by the family to the Smithsonian Institution), the Garrett piece, and the Mickley-Ford example that was the only one known to Crosby. He wrote: "The shilling first to be described is supposed to be unique. ... At the sale of the Mickley collection (No. 2527,) it brought fifty dollars: as its present owner is unknown to us, no further particulars regarding it can be given." The obverse of the Rings shilling has the central cursive inscription "Equal to One Shi" above clasped hands, with the date and peripheral legend I. CHALMERS ANNAPOLIS. The reverse has a circle of 12 intertwined rings with a 13th ring inside the circle at the bottom. Stars appear inside 11 of the 12 outer rings, with a Divine Eye, a Liberty cap on a pole, and two additional stars at the center. {blockquote}Census of the Five Known Rings Shillings: 1. VF-XF. The discovery coin. Joseph J. Mickley Collection (W.E. Woodward, 10/1867), lot 2527; a bidder named Stephens; Charles Ira Bushnell Collection (Chapman Brothers, 6/1882), lot 997; Lorin G. Parmelee Collection (New York Coin & Stamp Co., 6/1890), lot 297; Robert C.W. Brock; University of Pennsylvania; P.H. Ward; Harry Forman; John J. Ford, Jr. (Stack's, 5/2004), lot 281. 2. F-VF. Henry Chapman (discovered in March 1906); John Story Jenks (Henry Chapman, 12/1921), lot 5521; John Work Garrett; Johns Hopkins University (Bowers and Ruddy, 10/1980), lot 1313. 3. Unknown Grade. Norweb Family (1983); Smithsonian Institution. This piece may be the example that appeared earlier in the Ulex Collection (Lyman Low, 7/1902), lot 103, described as "fairly rated as good." 4. AG, holed. The present specimen. Eric P. Newman Collection, per the provenance below. This piece is possibly the example that first appeared at the 1919 ANA Convention. 5. Poor/VG, plugged. S.W. Freeman (Richmond, Virginia, 1939); Loye Lauder (William Doyle Galleries), lot 177.{/blockquote} Despite its condition, collectors and numismatists will relish the opportunity to acquire the Eric P. Newman example of the Chalmers Rings Shilling. This piece combines pewter-gray surfaces with attractive champagne and steel toning. Ex: "Colonel" E.H.R. Green; Green Estate; Partnership of Eric P. Newman / B.G. Johnson d.b.a. St. Louis Stamp & Coin Co.; Eric P. Newman @ $25.00; Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $44062.50. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1783 SHLNG Chalmers Shilling, Long Worm AU50 NGC. Breen-1012, W-1790, R.4. 52.5 grains, 91% silver, 8% copper, per NGC metallurgical tests. Three of the four Chalmers pieces in the present offering from the Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society, are tested at 91% silver, nearly equal the standard weight of the Spanish milled dollar. However, Philip Mossman reported other pieces that were tested in the range of 81% to 86% silver. Two varieties are identified as the Long Worm and the Short Worm, referring to the length of the vertical worm shared by the two birds. However, an easier attribution feature is the fence (or bar or hedgerow) in relation to the letters. The Long Worm variety has the fence ending at the second I in SHILLING, while the Short Worm variety has the fence ending at the N in SHILLING. The dies were misaligned in the press, and the obverse is substantially off-center, while the reverse is properly centered. This attractive piece has delicate gold toning on its medium gray surfaces. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $10575.00. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1783 SHLNG Chalmers Shilling, Long Worm AU50 NGC. Breen-1012, W-1790, R.4. 52.5 grains, 91% silver, 8% copper, per NGC metallurgical tests. Three of the four Chalmers pieces in the present offering from the Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society, are tested at 91% silver, nearly equal the standard weight of the Spanish milled dollar. However, Philip Mossman reported other pieces that were tested in the range of 81% to 86% silver. Two varieties are identified as the Long Worm and the Short Worm, referring to the length of the vertical worm shared by the two birds. However, an easier attribution feature is the fence (or bar or hedgerow) in relation to the letters. The Long Worm variety has the fence ending at the second I in SHILLING, while the Short Worm variety has the fence ending at the N in SHILLING. The dies were misaligned in the press, and the obverse is substantially off-center, while the reverse is properly centered. This attractive piece has delicate gold toning on its medium gray surfaces. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $10575.00. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1783 6PENCE Chalmers Sixpence, Large Date AU55 NGC. CAC. Breen-1013, W-1765, R.7. 29.3 grains, 91% silver, 9% copper, per NGC metallurgical tests. A period, actually part of the ornamentation, divides the date on this rare Chalmers sixpence variety. The Chalmers sixpence are possibly the least understood issues of the Annapolis silver series. The denomination is rarer than either the threepence or shilling, the four recorded varieties are often confused, and the rarities of each are frequently misstated. The Whitman Encyclopedia of Colonial and Early American Coins lists four distinct varieties of the Chalmers sixpence. The combined rarity ratings as published there suggest a total surviving population of 38 to 68 pieces. The W-1765 variety is recorded in the Whitman reference as "URS-2 or 3 (?)" suggesting that two to four examples are known. It is our opinion that the actual population ranges from eight to 10 pieces, based on several auction appearances, including some possible misattributions. Two of the three examples illustrated at the PCGS Coin Facts website are from this die pair. This extraordinary example is the finest Chalmers sixpence that we have handled, and it is finer than any others that have appeared in recent times, to the best of our knowledge. The next finest sixpence that we are aware of is an XF45 PCGS example of this same variety that is illustrated at PCGSCoinFacts.com. The present sharply detailed piece has exceptional silver-gray surfaces with blue and gold accents. The clasped hands at the center of the cross are nicely delineated. This remarkable Chalmers sixpence may qualify as one of the finest surviving representatives of the rare denomination. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $88125.00. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1783 3PENCE Chalmers Threepence AU50 NGC. CAC. Breen-1018, W-1760, R.5. 10.8 grains, 94% silver, 5% copper, per NGC metallurgical tests. John Chalmers of Annapolis issued silver threepence, sixpence, and shillings dated 1783, likely to alleviate a shortage of coinage, and as a response to the refusal of the local population to accept lightweight Spanish bits that were literally cut from Spanish milled dollars. Who could blame the citizens when unscrupulous individuals would cut five "fourths" or nine "eighths" out of a single dollar? Judging from the condition of most survivors, the Chalmers silver coins were well-received and circulated extensively, despite the estimated 8% profit that Chalmers earned on the venture, according to numismatic researcher and writer Philip Mossman. Perhaps his reputation as a community leader and former Continental Army captain aided the circulation of the Chalmers silver coins. Annapolis, Maryland, planned in 1694, was an upper-class town of brick mansions and polished society, according to an 18th century British official. The town was also a political center that served briefly as home to the U.S. Congress in late 1783 and the first half of 1784. John Chalmers operated his silversmith business in that setting, having an interest in politics and economics. That was the environment of his silver coinage. Will Nipper writes in his book In Yankee Doodle's Pocket: "They may have been advertising pieces, political statements or simply a means of satisfying his customers' need for coinage. The exact reason for their existence is unknown." The threepence are clearly rarer than the shillings, but they are seen more frequently than the sixpence. This example has splendid pewter-gray surfaces with light silver devices and traces of peripheral champagne toning. The strike is imperfectly centered, although most of the obverse border details are visible. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $25850.00. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
