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- 1785 COPPER Immune Columbia, Nova Constellatio, Copper AU55 NGC. CAC. Breen-1117, W-1960, High R.6. 144.8 grains, 99% copper per NGC metallurgical tests. The reverse belongs to the series of Nova Constellatio coppers. There seems to be some confusion about the punctuation between those words. A period or dot clearly follows NOVA, but the other element that precedes NOVA is typically called a star or an "extra star." As that element has five lobes, and the stars between the rays have six points, that design element is better described as a cinquefoil, following Walter Breen's description. The reverse die is the same as the 1783 Nova Constellatio Crosby 2-B. Often labeled as products of Birmingham, England, new evidence points to the possibility of an American manufacture. Just over a dozen examples of this important variety are known, according to the URS-5 rating in the Whitman Encyclopedia of Colonial and Early American Coins. The Eric P. Newman coin is a little finer than the XF Ford coin. A few trivial rim bumps are evident on each side of this exceptionally attractive copper. The lightly marked surfaces are pleasing olive-brown with a few maroon toning splashes on the obverse. The strike is a trifle blunt on the high points of this long-pedigreed piece. The impression is well-centered with a full date and complete legends that are well in from the partially detailed border. Ex: Charles I. Bushnell; Thomas Warner; C.T. Whitman; John G. Mills; Waldo Newcomer; B. Max Mehl; "Colonel" E.H.R. Green; Green Estate; Partnership of Eric P. Newman / B.G. Johnson d.b.a. St. Louis Stamp & Coin Co.; Eric P. Newman @ $350.00; Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $49937.50. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1776 $1 Continental Dollar, CURENCY, Brass MS62 NGC. CAC. Newman 1-B, Breen-1087, W-8440, Low R.7. 225.8 grains, 75% copper, 22% tin, 1% lead per NGC metallurgical tests. Following the limited production of the Newman 1-A pieces, the reverse die was modified with the dotted rings connected to form solid rings, although remnants of the previous dots are still visible. Eric P. Newman wrote: "Reverse B shows lines cut over the dots, but dots still remain exposed in many places." The reverse has an advanced die defect in the Pennsylvania ring, proving that it is the same die as Reverse A. The modifications are sufficient that Newman assigned a different letter, although this variety is technically a die state of 1-A. The production of Newman 1-B pieces in brass was considerably greater than that of the 1-A. However, the coinage was still extremely limited, and only a dozen examples are known today. Michael Hodder recorded eight examples in the 1988 Norweb catalog, and increased his estimate to "about 10 to 12 known" in the 2003 Ford catalog. Q. David Bowers rated this variety URS-4 (five to eight known) in the Whitman Encyclopedia of Colonial and Early American Coins. We presented a Condition Census of 12 known examples in our August 2009 offering of the Charles Jay specimen that is updated here: {blockquote}1. MS63 NGC Charles Jay Collection (Stack's, 10/1967), lot 39; Laird Park (Stack's, 5/1976), lot 109; Herdman Collection (Bowers and Ruddy, 12/1977), lot 5039; Collection of a Patriotic American (Heritage, 8/2009), lot 1002. 2. MS62 NGC. The present specimen. Eric P. Newman Collection; Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. 3. AU55 Taylor Collection (Bowers and Merena, 3/1987), lot 2047; Bowers and Merena (5/1992), lot 1010; Stack's (1/2007), lot 6439. 4. AU or finer (described as "Virtually Uncirculated" in the Carter catalog) B. Max Mehl (5/1950), lot 769; Amon Carter Collection (Stack's, 1/1984), lot 204. 5. Choice XF Virgil Brand; F.C.C. Boyd; John J. Ford, Jr. (Stack's, 10/2003), lot 1. 6. Choice XF Pine Tree "Promised Lands" Sale, lot 335; Gilbert Steinberg (Stack's, 10/1989), lot 63. 7. XF45 PCGS 1999 ANA Sale (Heritage, 8/1999), lot 6465. 8. XF45 New Netherlands Coin Company (privately, 8/21/1955); Norweb Collection (Bowers and Merena, 3/1988), lot 2452. 9. XF Lermann Collection; Garrett Collection (Bowers and Ruddy, 10/1980), lot 1489. 10. XF John L. Roper, 2nd (Stack's, 12/1983), lot 198; Stack's (9/2006), lot 112. 11. VF30 B. Max Mehl (privately, 1/11/1937); Norweb Collection (Bowers and Merena, 3/1988), lot 2451. 12. Fine Robison Collection (Stack's, 2/1982), lot 87.{/blockquote} In addition to those pieces enumerated above, approximately six examples from the Newman 1-B pairing exist in pewter. In the Norweb catalog, Hodder noted that the pewter piece was an earlier die state than Garrett's brass example, and the same die state as the Norweb, lot 2451 coin. He wrote: {blockquote}"We can say with certainty that the pewter specimens were being struck at the same time as the brass pieces, from the same dies. Some suggestions have been raised that the pewter pieces may have been struck later, perhaps from dies captured by the British during their occupation of New York City in September 1776."{/blockquote} There seems to be no logical reason for the British to make use of those dies even if they had captured them. Further, Hodder's observations negate the reasoning of some, such as Walter Breen, who consider the brass pieces to be patterns. In the Ford catalog, Hodder noted test results of two other brass pieces that were also a little under 80% copper and 20% zinc. There is a wide range of brass alloys identified by various names, such as Alpha brass that signifies alloys with less than 35% zinc (known for its capability of cold-working, forging, and pressing). A specific type of Alpha brass known as Prince's metal contains 75% copper and 25% zinc, and was sometimes used for imitation jewelry. This example combines light yellow and pale olive on pleasing surfaces that retain some mint flash. Both sides have fine striations that appear to remain from the planchet before striking. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $440625.00. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- 1787 COPPER Liber Natus, Excelsior Eagle on Globe Copper, XF40 NGC. Breen-991, W-5800, Low R.7. 148.3 grains, 99% copper per NGC metallurgical tests. There were only seven examples of this variety known prior to the present century. Two more were located at the time of the May 2004 Ford sale, and the present copper from the Eric P. Newman Collection brings the total population to 10 examples. This impressive piece exhibits pleasing chestnut-brown surfaces despite trivial roughness on each side. The peripheries exhibit lovely steel-gray toning that frames the design motifs. This example is the fourth finest in our census. 1. Mint State. Lorin G. Parmelee Collection (New York Coin & Stamp Co., 6/1890); James Ten Eyck Collection (B. Max Mehl, 5/1922), lot 185; Carl Wurtzbach; Virgil Brand; Brand Estate (Bowers and Merena, 6/1984), lot 958. 2. AU. Matthew A. Stickney Collection; Col. James W. Ellsworth; John Work Garrett; Johns Hopkins University (Bowers and Ruddy, 11/1979), lot 602. 3. XF. F.C.C. Boyd Estate; John J. Ford, Jr. (Stack's, 5/2004), lot 313. 4. XF. Eric P. Newman Collection. The present specimen. 5. XF. John L. Roper, 2nd (Stack's, 12/1983), lot 276. 6. VF. Matthew A. Stickney Collection (Henry Chapman, 6/1907), lot 239; DeWitt Smith Collection; Virgil Brand; Brand Estate (Bowers and Merena, 6/1984), lot 959 7. VF. Americana Sale (Stack's, 1/2002), lot 234. 8. Fine. Donald Groves Collection (Stack's, 11/1974), lot 337. 9. Unknown Grade. Massachusetts Historical Society. 10. Unknown Grade. Long Island Specialist. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $49937.50. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- Fugio Copper Copy Electrotype, Reverse Shell, Uncertified. The reverse shell of an electrotype of an unfinished 19th century Fugio copper copy. Made from a N. GG reverse hub. The left-side rings are weakly brought up, as seen on Ford:317 plated under N. 102-GG in the Newman Fugio reference. Probably made by Sylvester Crosby as research for his master work, The Early Coins of America. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $763.75. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- Fugio Copper Copy Electrotype, Reverse Shell, Uncertified. The reverse shell of an electrotype of an unfinished 19th century Fugio copper copy. Made from an N. GG reverse hub, unlike the usual "New Haven" Horatio Rust copy. The electrotype was likely made by Sylvester Crosby for research purposes. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $646.25. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- Fugio Copper Copy Electrotype, Reverse Shell, Uncertified. The reverse shell of an electrotype of an unfinished 19th century Fugio copper copy. Made from a N. GG reverse hub. The left-side rings are weakly brought up, as seen on Ford:317 plated under N. 102-GG in the Newman Fugio reference. Probably made by Sylvester Crosby as research for his master work, The Early Coins of America. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $763.75. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- Fugio Copper Copy Electrotype, Reverse Shell, Uncertified. The reverse shell of an electrotype of an unfinished 19th century Fugio copper copy. Made from an N. GG reverse hub, unlike the usual "New Haven" Horatio Rust copy. The electrotype was likely made by Sylvester Crosby for research purposes. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $646.25. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- American Congress Fugio Copper Copy, Pewter, Uncertified. N. 101-AA. Struck from unfinished dies without obverse legends. The designs emulate the extremely rare N. 1-CC, but the dies were made circa-1860, probably by Scoville Manufacturing in Waterbury, Connecticut, as a commission for Horatio Rust. Other pieces from the same dies are known in silver or copper. As made, with a matte finish and unblemished surfaces. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $5581.25. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- American Congress Fugio Copper Copy, Pewter, Uncertified. N. 101-AA. Struck from unfinished dies without obverse legends. The designs emulate the extremely rare N. 1-CC, but the dies were made circa-1860, probably by Scoville Manufacturing in Waterbury, Connecticut, as a commission for Horatio Rust. Other pieces from the same dies are known in silver or copper. As made, with a matte finish and unblemished surfaces. Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $5581.25. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
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- Fugio Copper Copy Electrotype, Obverse Shell, Uncertified. The obverse shell of an electrotype of an unfinished 19th century Fugio copper copy. Made from an N. 102 obverse hub, with a different design than the usual "New Haven" Horatio Rust copy. Newman writes, "electrotypes of variety 102-GG with a [Sylvester] Crosby - [Virgil] Brand provenance are known." Ex: Eric P. Newman Numismatic Education Society. Realized $822.50. Description courtesy of Heritage Auctions.
