In 1685 James II transferred the unexpired patent for minting halfpence to Sir John Knox, the Lord Mayor of Dublin, and these were issued until 1688. James fled from England to France in that year and the crown was offered to his daughter, Mary, and her husband, William of Orange. After drumming up Catholic support on the Continent, Jamess landed in Ireland in March, 1689 to continue the struggle. Having insufficient funds to prosecute a war, a plan was devised to issue official base metal token coins that would be exchanged for sterling silver after the war was won. A nomimal moth as well as the year of issue was inscribed on them so they could be redeemed in stages over a period of time. The coins made of brass or latten from old cannon, bells, and other scrap metal were called "Brass Money," though they later become known as "Gunmoney" coins. Minted at Dublin and Limerick, the first issue consisted of halfcrowns, shilling and sixpences, but in 1690, as stocks of metal ran down, the sizes of halfcrowns and shillings were reduced and the old halfcrowns were restruck as crowns. Later that year, crowns groats, pence, and halfpence were also struck in pewter and most had a plug of brass through them to distinguish the genuine pieces from counterfeits, which might be cast in lead. The Gunmoney coins beame increasingly unpopular and as soon as William III seized the Dublin Mint, after the Battle of Boyne, the coins were reduced to their proper value. In 1691 they were demonetized. It is for this reason they are relatively common today. Limerick continued to hold out for James well into 1691 and the Mint there recoined the large Gunmoney shilling into halfpences and the small shilings into farthings.
In 1685 James II transferred the unexpired patent for minting halfpence to Sir John Knox, the Lord Mayor of Dublin, and these were issued until 1688. James fled from England to France in that year and the crown was offered to his daughter, Mary, and her husband, William of Orange. After drumming up Catholic support on the Continent, Jamess landed in Ireland in March, 1689 to continue the struggle. Having insufficient funds to prosecute a war, a plan was devised to issue official base metal token coins that would be exchanged for sterling silver after the war was won. A nomimal moth as well as the year of issue was inscribed on them so they could be redeemed in stages over a period of time. The coins made of brass or latten from old cannon, bells, and other scrap metal were called "Brass Money," though they later become known as "Gunmoney" coins. Minted at Dublin and Limerick, the first issue consisted of halfcrowns, shilling and sixpences, but in 1690, as stocks of metal ran down, the sizes of halfcrowns and shillings were reduced and the old halfcrowns were restruck as crowns. Later that year, crowns groats, pence, and halfpence were also struck in pewter and most had a plug of brass through them to distinguish the genuine pieces from counterfeits, which might be cast in lead. The Gunmoney coins beame increasingly unpopular and as soon as William III seized the Dublin Mint, after the Battle of Boyne, the coins were reduced to their proper value. In 1691 they were demonetized. It is for this reason they are relatively common today. Limerick continued to hold out for James well into 1691 and the Mint there recoined the large Gunmoney shilling into halfpences and the small shilings into farthings.